Canada is structured geographically and politically with 10 provinces and three territories.

Still showing remnants of British rule, Canada's political structure is a constitutional monarchy, with the official head of the state being the monarch of Britain (a Governor General is appointed to represent the monarch).

The Upper House, also known as the Senate, is made up of appointed members and functions primarily to accept or reject the suggestions of the Lower House, or the House of Commons. The Prime Minister, the leader of the country, is the head of the political party that holds the most seats and has the most representatives in parliament. The Prime Minister is responsible for selecting a cabinet that is assigned various tasks in running the country. The government is elected for five years, however the party leader can decide to run an early election.

While the federal government manages many aspects of government, including foreign affairs and immigration, many areas are provincially governed such as health care and education. A Premier is elected provincially every four years. The three territories remain the domain of the federal government, but increased independence for these areas is being pursued. All major cities and towns are overseen by an elected Mayor.

Voting privileges are granted to Canadian citizens from the age of 18. The Canadian government is a democratic system.